ESTIMATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF BARK EXTRACT
Abstract
Introduction. The work was aimed at studying the antimicrobial activity of aspen extract, which has an antibacterial effect depending on the boundary values (herbal medicinal raw materials taken from four test areas in relation to the cardinal directions). The problem of the influence of secondary metabolites in relation to the sides of the tree trunk light on the antimicrobial activity of the Populus Tremula is not touched upon. The aim of the study is to compare the antimicrobial activity in the extract of the aspen bark (Populus tremula) with respect to the cardinal directions for further rational harvesting of bark with a high content. Materials and methods. As the object of study, samples of aspen bark of Populus tremula, harvested by hand from different sides of the tree trunk in August-October 2016 in the Shulka forest area of the Orsha district of the Republic of Mari El, were used. Results. The study revealed the effect of aspen bark extract on the growth of strains of microorganisms (gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli C600, Pseudomonasae ruginosa, Salmonella and gram-positive Bacillus cereus), which increased in proportion to the concentration of rutin in the cells. Significant antimicrobial activity of the extract is due to its high content of phenolic compounds such as rutin. In the studied aspen bark, taken from the North side, the content of flavonoids in terms of rutin was 0.196 %, which in relation to other parts of the plant bark, is higher. It can be assumed that the flavonoids that make up the extract of aspen, determine its significant antimicrobial properties. The least inhibitory effect on the growth of strains of microorganisms was observed in the extract of aspen bark collected from middle-aged plants (trial area №2), which suppressed the growth of microorganisms only at a high concentration of 6%. Conclusion. It is of interest to further study the mechanism and spectrum of antimicrobial action of aspen bark extract, as well as the direction of selection of extraction conditions under which the sum of the isolated substances will have maximum antimicrobial activity. Aspen bark extract can be recommended as a promising source of biologically active substances with antimicrobial activity, which can be used as a prevention of infectious diseases, both animals and humans.
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