CYTOGENETIC CHANGES OF BETULA PENDULA SPROUTS WHEN ENVIRON-MENT POLLUTION

Татьяна Валентиновна БАРАНОВА

Abstract


The results of study of European white birch (Betula pendula Roth.) sprouts cytogenetic responses are given. The sprouts were obtained from the seeds, taken in Voronezh and its suburb (different level of man-made pollution). It was shown that environment pollution provoked significant changes of all the cytogenetic characteristics of European white birch (Betula pendula Roth.) sprouts. It particularly concerns cytogenetic distortions. It was determined that in case of low environment pollution, mitotic index was 9 %, and the share of cytogenetic distortions was 4,2 %. In the area of high environment pollution, mitotic index  is 8,6 - 10,5 %, and the share of cytogenetic distortions is 8,9 - 9,3%. Figures of all the cytogenetic distortions are closely correlated with each other. There is particularly strong correlation between the share of prophases and the mitotic index, which is nonlinear. Cytogenetic distortions, which include another information about European white birch seed generation changes, are the least correlated with cytogenetic characteristics. Cytogenetic characteristics of European white birch (Betula pendula) sprouts (share of cytogenetic distortions in particular), may be successfully used in assessing seed generation, together with other characteristics to estimate environment pollution influence on the biota.

Keywords


environment pollution; European white birch (Betula pendula); sprouts; mitosis pathology; cytogenetic distortions

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